Add persian-tutor: Gradio-based GCSE Persian language learning app
Vocabulary study with FSRS spaced repetition, AI tutoring (Ollama/Claude), essay marking, idioms browser, Anki export, and dashboard. 918 vocabulary entries across 39 categories. 41 tests passing. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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python/persian-tutor/modules/idioms.py
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python/persian-tutor/modules/idioms.py
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"""Persian idioms, expressions, and social conventions."""
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from ai import ask
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# Built-in collection of common Persian expressions and idioms
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EXPRESSIONS = [
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{
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"persian": "سلام علیکم",
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"finglish": "salâm aleykom",
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"english": "Peace be upon you (formal greeting)",
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"context": "Formal greeting, especially with elders",
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},
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{
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"persian": "خسته نباشید",
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"finglish": "khaste nabâshid",
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"english": "May you not be tired",
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"context": "Common greeting to someone who has been working. Used as 'hello' in shops, offices, etc.",
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},
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{
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"persian": "دستت درد نکنه",
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"finglish": "dastet dard nakone",
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"english": "May your hand not hurt",
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"context": "Thank you for your effort (after someone does something for you)",
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},
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{
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"persian": "قابلی نداره",
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"finglish": "ghâbeli nadâre",
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"english": "It's not worthy (of you)",
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"context": "You're welcome / Don't mention it — said when giving a gift or doing a favour",
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},
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{
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"persian": "تعارف نکن",
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"finglish": "ta'ârof nakon",
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"english": "Don't do ta'arof",
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"context": "Stop being politely modest — please accept! Part of Persian ta'arof culture.",
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},
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{
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"persian": "نوش جان",
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"finglish": "nush-e jân",
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"english": "May it nourish your soul",
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"context": "Said to someone eating — like 'bon appétit' or 'enjoy your meal'",
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},
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{
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"persian": "چشمت روز بد نبینه",
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"finglish": "cheshmet ruz-e bad nabine",
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"english": "May your eyes never see a bad day",
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"context": "A warm wish for someone's wellbeing",
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},
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{
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"persian": "قدمت روی چشم",
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"finglish": "ghadamet ru-ye cheshm",
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"english": "Your step is on my eye",
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"context": "Warm welcome — 'you're very welcome here'. Extremely hospitable expression.",
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},
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{
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"persian": "انشاءالله",
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"finglish": "inshâ'allâh",
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"english": "God willing",
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"context": "Used when talking about future plans. Very common in daily speech.",
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},
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{
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"persian": "ماشاءالله",
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"finglish": "mâshâ'allâh",
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"english": "What God has willed",
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"context": "Expression of admiration or praise, also used to ward off the evil eye.",
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},
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{
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"persian": "الهی شکر",
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"finglish": "elâhi shokr",
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"english": "Thank God",
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"context": "Expression of gratitude, similar to 'thankfully'",
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},
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{
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"persian": "به سلامتی",
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"finglish": "be salâmati",
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"english": "To your health / Cheers",
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"context": "A toast or general well-wishing expression",
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},
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{
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"persian": "عید مبارک",
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"finglish": "eyd mobârak",
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"english": "Happy holiday/celebration",
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"context": "Used for any celebration, especially Nowruz",
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},
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{
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"persian": "تسلیت میگم",
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"finglish": "tasliyat migam",
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"english": "I offer my condolences",
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"context": "Expressing sympathy when someone has lost a loved one",
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},
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{
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"persian": "خدا بیامرزه",
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"finglish": "khodâ biâmorzesh",
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"english": "May God forgive them (rest in peace)",
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"context": "Said about someone who has passed away",
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},
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{
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"persian": "زبونت رو گاز بگیر",
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"finglish": "zaboonet ro gâz begir",
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"english": "Bite your tongue",
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"context": "Don't say such things! (similar to English 'touch wood')",
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},
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{
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"persian": "دمت گرم",
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"finglish": "damet garm",
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"english": "May your breath be warm",
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"context": "Well done! / Good for you! (informal, friendly praise)",
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},
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{
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"persian": "چشم",
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"finglish": "cheshm",
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"english": "On my eye (I will do it)",
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"context": "Respectful way of saying 'yes, I'll do it' — shows obedience/respect",
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},
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{
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"persian": "بفرمایید",
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"finglish": "befarmâyid",
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"english": "Please (go ahead / help yourself / come in)",
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"context": "Very versatile polite expression: offering food, inviting someone in, or giving way",
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},
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{
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"persian": "ببخشید",
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"finglish": "bebakhshid",
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"english": "Excuse me / I'm sorry",
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"context": "Used for both apologies and getting someone's attention",
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},
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{
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"persian": "مخلصیم",
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"finglish": "mokhlesim",
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"english": "I'm your humble servant",
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"context": "Polite/humble way of saying goodbye or responding to a compliment (ta'arof)",
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},
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{
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"persian": "سرت سلامت باشه",
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"finglish": "saret salâmat bâshe",
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"english": "May your head be safe",
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"context": "Expression of condolence — 'I'm sorry for your loss'",
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},
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{
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"persian": "روی ما رو زمین ننداز",
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"finglish": "ru-ye mâ ro zamin nandâz",
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"english": "Don't throw our face on the ground",
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"context": "Please don't refuse/embarrass us — said when insisting on a request",
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},
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{
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"persian": "قربونت برم",
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"finglish": "ghorboonet beram",
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"english": "I'd sacrifice myself for you",
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"context": "Term of endearment — very common among family and close friends",
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},
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{
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"persian": "جون دل",
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"finglish": "jun-e del",
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"english": "Life of my heart",
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"context": "Affectionate term used with loved ones",
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},
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]
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def get_all_expressions():
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"""Return all built-in expressions."""
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return EXPRESSIONS
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def get_random_expression():
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"""Pick a random expression."""
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import random
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return random.choice(EXPRESSIONS)
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def explain_expression(expression):
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"""Use AI to generate a detailed explanation with usage examples."""
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prompt = f"""Explain this Persian expression for an English-speaking student:
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Persian: {expression['persian']}
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Transliteration: {expression['finglish']}
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Literal meaning: {expression['english']}
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Context: {expression['context']}
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Please provide:
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1. A fuller explanation of when and how this is used
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2. The cultural context (ta'arof, hospitality, etc.)
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3. Two example dialogues showing it in use (in Persian with English translation)
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4. Any variations or related expressions
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Keep it concise and student-friendly."""
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return ask(prompt, quality="fast")
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def format_expression(expr, show_transliteration="off"):
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"""Format an expression for display."""
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parts = [
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f'<div dir="rtl" style="font-size:1.8em; text-align:center">{expr["persian"]}</div>',
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f'<div style="text-align:center; font-size:1.2em">{expr["english"]}</div>',
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]
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if show_transliteration != "off":
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parts.append(f'<div style="text-align:center; color:#666; font-style:italic">{expr["finglish"]}</div>')
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parts.append(f'<div style="text-align:center; color:#888; margin-top:0.5em">{expr["context"]}</div>')
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return "\n".join(parts)
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